Bergerac, nestled along the Dordogne River, has a rich history that dates back to the Middle Ages. Founded as a small Gallo-Roman settlement, Bergerac gradually grew in prominence, thanks to its strategic location on the river, which allowed it to develop as a thriving market town and trading hub. During the 13th and 14th centuries, Bergerac flourished as an important center of commerce, especially in the wine trade, which remains central to the region's identity today.

The city played a significant role in the conflicts between England and France during the Hundred Years’ War. Changing hands multiple times, it became a coveted possession due to its fertile lands and access to key trade routes. In the 16th century, Bergerac emerged as a Protestant stronghold and was deeply affected by the French Wars of Religion. The Huguenots, who were prominent in the area, influenced the city’s culture and architecture, and the town was known as a center for Protestant thought.

Despite religious conflicts, Bergerac’s prosperity continued, especially with the growth of its wine industry. The vineyards surrounding the town gained renown, particularly those producing Monbazillac, a rich dessert wine, and Pécharmant, a full-bodied red. The wine trade became central to Bergerac’s economy, cementing its reputation in France and beyond.

In literary history, Bergerac is famously linked to Cyrano de Bergerac, the 17th-century French playwright and soldier whose larger-than-life character became immortalized in literature and drama. Though the real Cyrano de Bergerac never lived in the town, statues and references to the character can be found throughout Bergerac, symbolizing the town’s appreciation for its cultural heritage.

Today, Bergerac’s history is still alive in its beautifully preserved medieval buildings, ancient squares, and wine traditions, making it a fascinating destination for those interested in history, literature, and regional culture.